Designation and safety classification of refrigerants. Organic refrigerant carbon,hydrogen,fluorine,bromine,iodine. Refrigerants and their application presented by thomas e. This document provides standards for design, assembly, test and service of mac systems to minimize environ. Refrigerants designation and safety classification english. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free. Addendum mto add r414b designation, safety classification, and tolerances to table 2. New refrigerants designation and safety classifications e360 forum raleigh, n.
New, natural and alternative refrigerants by dr s f pearson of star refrigeration limited introduction it is an honour to be invited to present this paper despite the rather daunting title. By steve kujak, member ashrae flammability and new refrigerant ptions increasing concerns about the impact of refrigerants on the environment and on. Guidelines for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants in static refrigeration and air conditioning systems foreword with the introduction of the revised eu ozone depleting substances regulation in. Originally the title given was new and alternative refrigerants but i was also asked to. Alternatives for hcfc and hfc refrigerants halogen free refrigerants. The following is a list of refrigerants with their type prefix, ashrae designated numbers, iupac chemical name, molecular formula. Designation and safety classification of refrigerants approved by the ashrae standards committee on january 23, 2010. A comparison between refrigerants used in air conditioning. Designed to make the most efficient use of energy, material, and space, the technology is quickly winning ground around the world, with swep at the forefront of. All freons and most refrigerants from hydrocarbon group are miscible.
The earliest mechanical refrigeration used air as a working fluid. History of refrigeration refrigeration relates to the cooling of air or liquids, thus providing lower temperature to preserve food, cool beverages, make ice and for many other. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to. Most evidence indicate that the chinese were the first. Cfc refrigerants is in direct response to the need to preserve earths delicate, protective ozone layer.
New refrigerants impact standards and codes the function of refrigerant as a fluid used for heat transfer has not changed since the development of the first refrigerating system. One way of reducing the amount of these refrigerants and the risk of leakage is to chill a secondary refrigerant, such as glycol or brine, in a centralized plant room and circulate this rather than the primary refrigerant. Today, as in that first system, the refrigerant absorbs heat and transfers it at a higher temperature and a higher pressure, usually with a phase change. Designation of refrigerant rac types of refrigerant. Fluids suitable for refrigeration purposes can be classified. Refrigeration technicians should already be knowledgeable in these areas prior. Lower gwp refrigerants mena ashrae professional development. The tables contained on this page list approved refrigerant numbers from standard 34, which describes a shorthand way of naming refrigerants and assigns.
Requirements in ansiashrae standard 3420, designation and safety classification of refrigerants, and ansiashrae standard 1520, safety standard for refrigeration systems, complement each other in that standard 34 describes a shorthand way of naming refrigerants and. In fact, earth is the only planet in the solar system with an atmosphere that supports life. Calm jm, composition designations for refrigerants, ashrae journal. Designation and safety classification of refrigerants approved by the ashrae standards committee on june 20, 2009. From the number one can get some useful information about the type of refrigerant, its chemical composition, molecular weight etc. The ahrtis flammable refrigerants technical committee has. Those refrigerants that receive a flammability rating of 2, 2l, or 3 in ansiashrae standard 34, designation and safety classification of refrigerants with addenda. New refrigerants designation and safety classifications emerson. Selection of refrigerants for the future will need to balance performance capacity. This class includes refrigerants that cool by phase change typically boiling, using the refrigerant s latent heat. Addenda to designation and safety classifications of. It also establishes a system for assigning a safety classification to refrigerants based on toxicity and flammability data, and provides a means of determining the refrigerant concentration limit. Addendum l to add r414a designation, safety classification, and tolerances to table 2. Swep is a worldleading supplier of brazed plate heat exchangers for hvac and industrial applications.
This manual is not intended to teach air conditioning refrigeration system installation, troubleshooting, or repair. This refrigeration piping and heat transfer components code is a section of the american society of mechanical engineers code for pressure piping, b31. Refrigerants may be divided into three classes according to their manner of absorption or extraction of heat from the substances to be refrigerated. Bsrashrae addendum 34q201x, designation and safety classification of refrigerants addenda to ansiashrae standard 342016 this addendum moves the cis e and trans z isomer description from section 4. The refrigerants are expensive and have negative environmental impacts when released to the atmosphere. Pdf seminar is focused on the fundamentals of vapor compression.
Designation and safety classification of refrigerants ansiashrae addendum g to. The basis of the designation of the refrigerants fluids is based on a numbering system pure fluorocarbons hfc refrigerants and their blends the refrigerants are numbered with an r, followed by the hfcnumber, given by the rules of the fluorocarbons numbering system. New refrigerants designation and safety classifications. Since theyre developed and mandated locally across hundreds or. In this channel all information related to mechanical field i. Possibilities of changeover from cfchcfc based refrigerants to hfc or hfo.
The basis of the designation of the refrigerants fluids is based on a numbering system 1 pure fluorocarbons hfc refrigerants and their blends the refrigerants are numbered with an r, followed by the hfcnumber, given by the rules of the fluorocarbons numbering system. The american society of heating, refrigerating and airconditioning engineering ashrae standard 34 classifies refrigerants by hazard based on toxicity and flammability the safety group classification for each refrigerant has two or three alphanumeric characters. The tables contained on this page list approved refrigerant numbers from ansiashrae 342019, designation and safety classification of refrigerants, the latest edition of standard 34, which describes a shorthand way of naming refrigerants and assigns safety classifications based on toxicity and flammability data. For example, the classification of halogen refrigerants derived from saturated hydrocarbons and consisting of only one substance is illustrated in fig. Working fluids in refrigeration cycles undergoes phase transition in cycles mostly before going to subject topic first of all we divide all refrigerants in following categories. Halocarbon scenarios, ozone depletion potentials, and global warming potentials pdf. Environmental protection agency epa issued regulations under the clean air act to phase out the one of the constant themes throughout the history of the hvac industry is the search for a better refrigerant. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this.
Chemical refrigerants are assigned an r number which is determined systematically according. In this video,i have explained simple method for designation or nomenclature of organic refrigerants. Table 1 refrigerant data and safety classifications refrigerant number chemical name a, b chemical formulaa molecular mass a normal. The following is a list of refrigerants with their typeprefix, ashrae designated numbers, iupac chemical name, molecular formula, cas registry number blend name, atmospheric lifetime in years, semiempirical ozone depletion potential, net global warming potential over a 100year time horizon, occupational exposure limitpermissible exposure. Ashrae standard designation and safety classification of. Designation of refrigerants since a large number of refrigerants have been developed over the years for a wide variety of applications, a numbering system has been adopted to designate various refrigerants.
Refrigerants can pose numerous hazards, including as it relates to toxicity, flammability, asphyxiation and or physical hazards. The refrigerant must be readily available and at a reasonable price. Ansiashrae 1520 packaged with standard 3420 safety standard for refrigeration systems and designation and classification of refrigerants ansi approved pdf download. High viscous oil must be used with miscible refrigerants as the effect of miscibility is to reduce the viscosity. Addendum oto clarify the minimum requirements for acceptable sources of toxicity information for requests. This standard is under continuous maintenance by a standing standard project committee sspc for which. New refrigerants designation and safety classifications e360 forum chicago, il october 5, 2017. Ashrae standards committee 19992000 approval of 34h, 34j, 34k, 34l, 34o, 34p arthur e. Further information can be found in the latest version of standard 34, available. Refrigerants are classified by ashrae, and their familiar r numbers are assigned according to certain rules. Fellow ashrae mcquay international staunton, virginia usa 1 what is a refrigerant.
A draft standard is listed in this section under the. The code designation was also changed to ansiasme b31. This international standard provides an unambiguous system for assigning designations to refrigerants. This guidance will enable applicants to adequately doc. Addendum c to ansiashrae standard 342001 3 a the molecular mass and normal boiling point are not part of this standard.
Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components code section. Pdf refrigerant types, issues, trends and future options. Since a large number of refrigerants have been developed over the years for a wide variety of applications, a numbering system has been adopted to designate various refrigerants. New developments in lower gwp refrigerants mena cover. Most backordered items can be rushed in from the publisher in as little as 24 hours. Designation and safety classification of refrigerants approved by the ashrae standards committee on january 29, 2003. Ashrae does not warrant that the informat ion in this publication is free of errors. This standard covers any vehicle with a mac system using a belt or electric motor driven compressor. The extent of segregation depends on the particular azeotrope and hardware system configuration. Refrigerants for purposes of this guideline include single component refrigerants, zeotropes and azeotropes. Ashrae has published the 20 editions of its major refrigerantsrelated standards, incorporating 41 new addenda. This standard provides an unambiguous system for assigning designations to refrigerants.
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